![]() ![]() Unsurprisingly excise men were installed in a covered booth in the centre of the bridge to collect tax from any entering the royal burgh with goods. Control of the bridge brought military advantage in times of unrest and excise duty, or pontage dues, in peacetime. Its other notable geographic feature is its proximity to the lowest site of subjugation of the River Forth. South of the city, the King's Park prehistoric carvings can still be found. The Wallstale structure is later than the Gillies Hill fort and is related in form to brochs, these appear to coincide with the Roman period and there are around 40 or so in the wider area. Two structures are known: what is currently called Wallstale Dun on the southern end of Touchadam Craig, and Gillies Hill fort on the northwest end of the craig. The earliest known surviving structure is a fort on Gillies Hill were built by Iron Age people over 2000 years ago. The earliest known structures in Stirling are now destroyed but comprised two Neolithic Cursus in Bannockburn. It had been thought that the Randolphfield standing stones were more than 3000 years old but recent radiocarbon dating suggests they may date from the time of Bruce. Other Bronze Age finds near the city come from the area around Cambusbarron. Nicknamed Torbrex Tam, the man, whose bones were discovered by workmen, died while still in his twenties. Bones from the cist were radiocarbon dated and found to be over four millennia old, originating within the date range 2152 to 2021 BC. It is often argued that Stirling is the fortress of Iuddeu or Urbs Giudi where Oswiu of Northumbria was besieged by Penda of Mercia in 655, as recorded in Bede and contemporary annals.Ī stone cist, found in Coneypark Nursery in 1879, is Stirling's oldest catalogued artefact. The name may have originally been a hydronym, and connected to Brittonic *lïnn, "lake, pool" ( Welsh llyn). Other sources suggest that it originates in a Brythonic name meaning "dwelling place of Melyn", with the first element being connected to Middle Welsh ystre-, "a dwelling". One proposal is that Stirling derives from Gaelic srib-linn, meaning "stream-pool" or similar. The origin of the name Stirling is uncertain, but folk etymology suggests that it originates in either a Scots or Gaelic term meaning the place of battle, struggle or strife. Stirling Castle (southwest aspect) Etymology In 2002, as part of Queen Elizabeth's Golden Jubilee, Stirling was granted city status. One of the principal royal strongholds of the Kingdom of Scotland, Stirling was created a royal burgh by King David I in 1130. ![]() ![]() The mid-2012 census estimate for the population of the city is 36,440 the wider Stirling council area has a population of about 93,750. Modern Stirling is a centre for local government, higher education, tourism, retail, and industry. He was later also crowned King of England and Ireland on 25 July 1603, bringing closer the countries of the United Kingdom. The poet King was educated by George Buchanan and grew up in Stirling. Stirling also has a medieval parish church, the Church of the Holy Rude, where, on 29 July 1567, the infant James VI was anointed King of Scots by Adam Bothwell, the Bishop of Orkney, with the service concluding after a sermon by John Knox. Once the capital of Scotland, Stirling is visually dominated by Stirling Castle. Even today the wolf appears with a goshawk on the council's coat of arms along with the recently chosen motto: "Steadfast as the Rock". This led to the wolf being adopted as a symbol of the town as is shown on the 1511 Stirling Jug. The sound of a wolf roused a sentry, however, who alerted his garrison, which forced a Viking retreat. When Stirling was temporarily under Anglo-Saxon sway, according to a 9th-century legend, it was attacked by Danish invaders. Stirling's key position as the lowest bridging point of the River Forth before it broadens towards the Firth of Forth made it a focal point for travel north or south. Similarly "he who holds Stirling, holds Scotland" is sometimes attributed to Robert the Bruce. It has been said that "Stirling, like a huge brooch clasps Highlands and Lowlands together". Proverbially it is the strategically important "Gateway to the Highlands". Located on the River Forth, Stirling is the administrative centre for the Stirling council area, and is traditionally the county town of Stirlingshire. The market town, surrounded by rich farmland, grew up connecting the royal citadel, the medieval old town with its merchants and tradesmen, the Old Bridge and the port. ![]() Stirling ( / ˈ s t ɜːr l ɪ ŋ/ Scots: Stirlin Scottish Gaelic: Sruighlea ) is a city in central Scotland, 26 miles (42 km) northeast of Glasgow and 37 miles (60 km) north-west of Edinburgh. ![]()
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